Bun vs Node vs Deno: The JavaScript Runtime Wars (2024)
Bun vs Node vs Deno: The JavaScript Runtime Wars (2024)
The JavaScript runtime landscape is more competitive than ever. Here's my experience with all three in production.
Performance Benchmarks
I tested common operations across all runtimes:
Operation | Node 20 | Deno 1.40 | Bun 1.0 |
---|---|---|---|
Hello World HTTP | 65K req/s | 85K req/s | 110K req/s |
File I/O (1MB) | 120ms | 95ms | 45ms |
SQLite queries | 850/s | 1100/s | 4200/s |
npm install (React) | 14s | 9s | 0.8s |
Cold start | 35ms | 28ms | 15ms |
Memory usage | 35MB | 42MB | 28MB |
Feature Comparison
Bun
// Built-in TypeScript
import { serve } from "bun"
serve({
port: 3000,
fetch(req) {
return new Response("Hello from Bun!")
}
})
// Built-in test runner
import { test, expect } from "bun:test"
test("math", () => {
expect(2 + 2).toBe(4)
})
// Built-in bundler
await Bun.build({
entrypoints: ["./index.ts"],
outdir: "./dist",
})
Deno
// Secure by default
// deno run --allow-net server.ts
Deno.serve({ port: 3000 }, (req) => {
return new Response("Hello from Deno!")
})
// Built-in formatter and linter
// deno fmt
// deno lint
// Native TypeScript
const data: string = await Deno.readTextFile("./file.txt")
Node.js
// The standard
import { createServer } from 'http'
createServer((req, res) => {
res.end('Hello from Node!')
}).listen(3000)
// Massive ecosystem
// 2.5M+ packages on npm
// Works with everything
Compatibility Deep Dive
Node.js Compatibility
Bun
- ✅ Most npm packages work
- ✅ Node APIs implemented
- ⚠️ Some edge cases
- ❌ Native addons hit/miss
Deno
- ✅ npm: specifier support
- ✅ Node compatibility mode
- ⚠️ Requires flags
- ❌ Not 100% compatible
Web Standards
Deno
// First-class Web APIs
const response = await fetch("https://api.example.com")
const data = await response.json()
// Web Streams
const file = await Deno.open("./large.txt")
const readable = file.readable
Bun
// Also Web-first
const server = Bun.serve({
websocket: {
message(ws, message) {
ws.send(message) // Echo
}
}
})
Real-World Use Cases
When to Use Bun
- Performance Critical
// Bun shines with SQLite
import { Database } from "bun:sqlite"
const db = new Database("app.db")
const query = db.query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?")
// 5x faster than Node
for (let i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
query.get(i)
}
- Quick Scripts
# Run TypeScript directly
bun run script.ts
# Install deps crazy fast
bun install # <1s vs 15s
When to Use Deno
- Security Matters
// Explicit permissions
// deno run --allow-read=./data --allow-net=api.example.com app.ts
// Can't access outside permissions
- Modern Standards
// Built for Web APIs
const kv = await Deno.openKv()
await kv.set(["users", userId], userData)
// Deploy to edge easily
Deno.serve(handler) // Works on Deno Deploy
When to Use Node.js
- Enterprise/Legacy
- Mature ecosystem
- Every tool supports it
- Extensive documentation
- Hiring pool massive
- Complex Applications
- Best debugger support
- Most stable
- Battle-tested
- Corporate backing
Migration Strategies
Node → Bun
// package.json
{
"scripts": {
- "start": "node index.js",
+ "start": "bun index.js",
- "test": "jest",
+ "test": "bun test"
}
}
Most code just works. Watch for:
- Native modules
- Specific Node APIs
- Testing frameworks
Node → Deno
// More work required
// Old (Node)
const fs = require('fs').promises
const data = await fs.readFile('./file.txt', 'utf8')
// New (Deno)
const data = await Deno.readTextFile('./file.txt')
Developer Experience
Bun
- ⚡ Insanely fast everything
- 🎯 Minimal config
- 🔧 Great built-in tools
- 📦 npm compatible
Deno
- 🔒 Secure by default
- 🌐 Web standards first
- 📝 TypeScript native
- 🧪 Built-in testing
Node.js
- 📚 Unlimited resources
- 🏢 Enterprise ready
- 🔌 Works with everything
- 👥 Huge community
Production Considerations
Stability
- Node.js: Rock solid, 15+ years
- Deno: Stable, 5+ years
- Bun: Stable but young, 2+ years
Deployment
- Node.js: Every platform
- Deno: Deno Deploy, Docker, VPS
- Bun: Docker, VPS, Railway
Monitoring
- Node.js: Every APM tool
- Deno: Growing support
- Bun: Limited but improving
My Recommendations
Choose Bun For:
- CLI tools
- Build scripts
- Performance-critical APIs
- SQLite applications
- Quick prototypes
Choose Deno For:
- New greenfield projects
- Security-sensitive apps
- Edge deployment
- Modern web APIs
- Learning/teaching
Choose Node.js For:
- Enterprise applications
- Existing codebases
- Maximum compatibility
- Hiring considerations
- Conservative teams
The Future
All three will coexist:
- Node.js: The standard
- Deno: The innovator
- Bun: The speedster
Competition drives innovation. We all win.
Quick Decision Framework
Need maximum speed? → Bun
Need security/modern? → Deno
Need compatibility? → Node.js
Need stability? → Node.js
Building new? → Try Bun/Deno
Have legacy? → Stick with Node
The best runtime is the one that ships your product. All three are production-ready in 2024.
About Ansh Gupta
Frontend Developer with 3 years of experience building modern web applications. Based in Indore, India, passionate about React, TypeScript, and creating exceptional user experiences.
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